Economists find two simple ways to pay companies for new tech. They also find sometimes you should pay them to stop.

A new economic model suggests governments only need two simple subsidies to encourage companies to adopt new technology. The model also shows that sometimes the best policy is to pay companies to get rid of technology they already have.

For decades, governments have tried complex programs to get companies to upgrade their tech. This paper suggests a simpler approach might be more effective. It introduces the idea that too much technology, or the wrong kind, can trap an economy, making it better to dismantle existing systems.